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Ķ¦ÛThe Truth about Seeing: "Guarding your child¡¦s vision"

by Vera F Rollo, Ph.D, Stirling Colgate, Ph.D, and Otis Brown

½sĶªÌ: ±ç«Û±d Steve H Leung

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Ķ¦Û Paul E. Romano M.D., M.S.O

Professor of Ophthalmology (²´¬ì¾Ç±Ð±Â)

University of Florida, Gainesville, 1991

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­tÃè«Ü§Ö«K©ì«±µø¤O¦Ü6/36©Î0.17¡F¤£©¯ªº¡A©¡®É¤~À³¥Î¥¿µøÃè¡A±d´_¥¿±`µø¤O§óÅã§xÃø¡A¥u¥i«O«ù«×¼Æ¡A¤£­P¼@¯P¥[²`o

½Ð²Ó¤ß¦Ò¼{¥¿µøÃ誺ªø»·¹w¨¾¡Aí©w«×¼Æ¡A¥H­Pº¥º¥±d´_¥¿±`µø¤O¦n³B¡A¤Î¿Å¶q¹L¥h´¿¨Ï¥ÎªñµøÃè©Ò°µ¦¨«áªGo

 ¨ä¹ê¦­´ÁÂå¾Ç¡Aµø¥ú¾Ç¬É¤w»{ÃѨìªñµø¦¨¦]¡A´¶¤Îµ{«×¡A»P¤Î¨äÄY­«©Ê¡A¨Ã´£¥X¤£¦P¤èªk³B²zo

¬°¤H¼ô±xªº¬OÂù¥úÃè¡A¤U¥ú¥\¥Î´N¬O¥O²´·ú¬Ýªñ®É´î»´½Õ¸`¹ïµJªº¯h³Òo ¦b¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô´Á¶¡¡A¬ü°ê­x¤è­¸¦æ­û§óÀ³¥Î¥¿µøÃè¥H«O«ù©Î«ì´_¥¿±`µø¤Oo

1977¦~·s¦èÄõªº¶ø§JÄõ¬ì¾Ç·|ijANZAAS¡A ¤@¦ì¦~«C¦Ó«i´±ªºµø¥ú®vMaurice Brumer «ü¥X¹L¥h¿ù»~Å@²z¡A ³y´N¤µ¤Ñªº²`ªñµø±wªÌ¡A²{­ì¤å¸`¿ýµn¥X:

"¡KProlonged and intensive near seeing is eyestrain; it is not good for our eyes and it is not good for our health. Conventional optometric care has totally ignored eyestrain and has sought only the correction of visual defects, that being the prescription of glasses for the attainment of good distance vision and the assumption that eyes with good distance vision are perfect and that perfect eyes need no assistance for prolonged and intensive near seeing. They would give eyestrain the credit for no more than the occasional "red eye". This is a very harmful and wide spread fallacy.

"¡KThe eye care professions have resisted change irrationally and fearfully, unwilling to admit that what has gone on before (the use of minus-lens) has been wrong and harmful, and by doing so they have unleashed on the public they serve a cataract of horror. This continued situation (of failing to inform the public adequately of the danger of minus-lens use) is a tragedy for the public and a disgrace for optometry.

While it is understandable that optometrists will not find it easy to admit that what they have been doing is wrong and harmful, especially for those academic university optometrists responsible for the education of our graduates, to preserve the current horrors to protect our professional prestige and privilege is an abdication of our responsibilities, ethics and morality.

I can make no apology for causing embarrassment to my professional colleagues. The interests of the public are paramount and must be served. The purpose of this paper is to direct the future to end the disgrace of the past."

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Âå¾Ç¬ã¨sÅã¥Ü¡A²`ªñµø±wªÌ¦b«á´Á±w¤W²´·ú¤ò¯f¡A¬O¥¿±`µø¤O²´·úªº¤T­¿¡F¦p­¸°A¯g¡A«C¥ú²´ (²´À£¹L°ª)¡A¶À´³ÂI¥X¦å¡A¬Æ¦Üµøºô½¤²æ¸¨¡A³o¬Ò¦]²´²y¦­´Á¹L«×©Ôªø©Ò¦Üo

¦b­»´ä¡A¥xÆW¥H¦Ü°ê¤º¤j«°¥«¡Aªñµø¶V¨Ó¶V´¶¹M¡A¤j¦h¼Æ¤H»~¸Ñªñµø¥i³z¹L¤â³Nªv·U¡A¦ýªí­±ªº¨¤½¤¼h¤Á³Î¡AÁö¥i«ì´_²M²Xµø¤O¡A¦ýµL§U²´©³°·±d¡C§ó­«­nªº¡A¤j²³¥i¯à©¿²¤²`ªñµø©Ò¤Þ­Pªº¤ò¯f¡I

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Dr. Stirling Colgate§Q¥Î¤W­z¤èªk¦^´_¥¿±`µø¤O¡A¦b14·³®ÉÀËÅçµø¤O¬O6/24©Î0.25¬ù -1.50D¡A©¯±o¤Î¦­µoı¡A¦³«í¤ß¦a¦b¾\Ū®ÉÀ¹¤W¥¿µøÃè¡A¦¨¥\¦^´_¥¿±`µø¤O¦Ü1.0 o¡]½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¤à°ò³Õ¤hªº¬G¨Æ¡^

¦b¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô´Á¶¡¡A¥L¿ò¥¢¥¿µøÃè¡Aªñµø«×¼ÆÀþ¶¡­«¦^ -1.50D¡A´X¸gÁ}¨¯ªá¤W6­Ó¤ë®É¶¡¡A­«·sÀ¹¦^¾\Ū¥¿µøÃè¤~¥i«ì´_¥¿±`µø¤Oo Dr. Stirling Colgate¬O°ê»Ú»D¦Wª«²z¾Ç®a¡A²{®É¥L¦b·s¾¥¦è­ô¦{ªº¨È©Ô²ö´µ°ê®a¹êÅç«Ç¡A±q¨Æ¬ì¾Ç¬ã¨so

´N¥H§Ú¸gÅç½Í½Í¡A¨C½ëµ¹®aªø«Øij¥¿µøÃè¦n³B¡A§¡»Ýªá«Üªø®É¶¡¤~¥i¸ÑÄÀ²M·¡o ¦³©ú¥Õ¼Ö·N±µ¨ü¡A¦³¥b«H¥bºÃ«O«ùÆ[±æ¡A§ó¦³±q¤£ª¾¹D©Úµ´»{¦P¡A¦]¨S¦b§{¶¡Å¥»¡¹L¡I

¥H¤@10·³¤p«Ä¬°¨Ò¡AÅç²´µoı«×¼Æ-1.00D¡Aµø¤O¬O6/12©Î0.67¡A®aªøªº¶}©ú±µ¨ü¡A©M¥[¤W«Ä¤l¥D°Ê¤Î¨M¤ß¡A¦b¥¿µøÃè©MÁBµø¾¹ªº°t¦X¤U¡A¦b¨â­Ó¤ë®É¶¡¸Ì¡Aµø¤O¦^´_1.0©Î6/6¡A¥L²{®É¾\Ū¤´»ÝÀ¹¤W¥¿µøÃè¡A¥HÓV½w²´·ú¯h³Ò¡AÁקKªñµø¦A¥X²{o

¬Oªº; ¤£½×¬ODr. Colgateªº¹L¨Ó¤H¸g¾ú¡A©M§Ú±q¨Æµø¥úªº¸gÅç¡A¥¿µøÃè¬Oµ´¹ï¦³®Ä¡A¥u­n§A¨ã³Æ±j¯P±À°Ê¤O¡A§ë¤J·P¡A¦A¥[¤W«H¤ß¡A¨M¤ß©MùڤߡA§Aªºªñµø¬O¥i§ïµ½¡A´î»´¥H­P±d´_¡I

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September 2001

References:

1 Young, Francis "The effect of restricted visual space on primate eye" Am J Ophth., 1961

2 Donders, F C "Accommodation and Refraction of the Eye" London. The New Sydenham Society. 1864

3 Ware, James "Observation relativeto the near and distant sight of different persons" Royal Society, 1813

4 Raphaelson, Jacob "A Preventive and Remedy for School-Myopia" 1958

5 Howland, Howard "Accommodation, Refractive Error an Eye growth in Chickens" Vision res. 1988

6 Brown, Otis " How to Avoid Nearsightedness" C&O research, 1989

7 Rehm, Donald "The Myopia Myth-the truth about nearsightedness and how to prevent it" 1981

8 Betz, J N "Success with Bifocal for Children" Opt J rev Optom, 1949

9 Brumer, Maurice "Eyestain-its Cause, Consequence and Treatment" Australian and New Zealand asso. for Advancement of Science 26/1/1979

10Reynods Hayden ,MD "Development and prevention of myopia at the US Naval Academy" vol 25 1941, The American Medical Association.

11Gmelin, Maj, Robert T "Myopia at West Point: Past and Present" Military Medicine, August1976.

13Helmholtz, H (1821-1894) "Physiological Optics"

14Donders, F (1818-1889) "Accommodation and Refraction of the Eye" London, The New Sydenham Society, 1864


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